What works in alcohol and other drug education in schools

In primary school

The focus is on building life skills and resilience.

In secondary school

Programs keep building these skills and give more detailed information about legal and illegal drugs.

For parents, teachers and school staff

AOD education isn’t only for students. Parents, teachers and school staff have a big influence on young people, so it’s important to involve them where possible. The Education in schools toolkit explains how programs can reach each of these groups.

Effective programs give students accurate information. They follow the principles of effective practice,³ and while they vary in how they’re delivered, they share some common features.

Focus on social norms

Programs help students look past the idea that “everyone else is doing it”. Most young people aren’t, and overall rates of alcohol and other drug use among secondary students have been declining.²

Make it interactive

Students take part and engage, rather than just listen.

Involve parents and carers

Programs give parents and carers chances to take part, so the messages carry on at home.

See it in action: the Colac Schools and Community Together Group is one example of a community working with local schools.

AOD education is less likely to work when it moves away from effective practice.³ Approaches to avoid include:

Scare tactics

Videos or talks that show graphic or shocking outcomes don’t change behaviour.

One-off talks and programs

Single sessions don’t work on their own, even when they’re delivered by health professionals such as paramedics or nurses.

Personal stories of past drug use

Talks from people about their own drug use can unintentionally give drugs “hero” status and risk making drug use seem glamorous.

More resources: the Education in schools toolkit covers planning a school program, running it and measuring its success. You can also browse case studies and stories to see how communities across Australia are working to prevent alcohol and other drug harm. For parents, see talking with teenagers about alcohol and other drugs.

Further reading

• Positive Choices (evidence-based AOD education resources for schools and families)
• Effective drug education (NSW Department of Education)

Last reviewed: 14 October 2026